使句子多樣化的雅思寫作技巧
一篇好文章的條件很多。除了內(nèi)容豐富和組織緊密之外,詞匯的運(yùn)用和句子的.處理,也起著決定性作用。
句子可長(zhǎng)可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表達(dá)。如果句子清一色是簡(jiǎn)單句,文章必定很單調(diào)乏味。如果全篇充滿了冗長(zhǎng)的復(fù)雜句,讀起來(lái)也很費(fèi)力。最好的方法是以簡(jiǎn)單句為基礎(chǔ),配合適當(dāng)?shù)牟⒘芯浜蛷?fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句可長(zhǎng)可短,通常要加些附屬成分,如分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞短語(yǔ)、不定式動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),以及節(jié)縮成分。
總之,作者可根據(jù)情況,使句子多樣化,使文章靈活多姿。例如下列五個(gè)句子的基本概念一樣,但是句式不同,內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)也有些差別:
(1)Thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarmandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(并列分句(1)+2)
(2)Grazingpeacefully,thegoatsinthefarmwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(現(xiàn)在分語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)+簡(jiǎn)單句)
(3)Inthefarm,thegoatsgrazedpeacefullyandwereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(副詞短語(yǔ)+并列分句(1)-(2))
(4)Thereweregoatsgrazingpeacefullyinthefarm,unawareoftheapproachinghunter.(簡(jiǎn)單句+形容語(yǔ)短語(yǔ))
(5)Asthegoatsgrazedpeacefullyinthefarm,theywereunawareoftheapproachinghunter.(原因副詞從句+主句)
(1)和(5)的句式最常見(jiàn);如果加上其他三種互相交替,句子不是更多樣化嗎?
最后,看看這兩個(gè)句子要如何多樣化呢?
(6)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining.
(7)Hefeltveryuneasy.
(a)Theyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastrainingfeltveryuneasy.
(b)Theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasyduringhisfirstoverseastraining.
(c)Theyoungpilot’’’’’’’’sfirstoverseastrainingmadehimfeelveryuneasy.
(d)Extremeuneasinessseizedtheyoungpilotonhisfirstoverseastraining.
(e)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feelingveryuneasy.
(f)Itbeinghisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
(g)Beingonhisfirstoverseastraining,theyoungpilotfeltveryuneasy.
(h)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastrainingandfeltveryuneasy.
(i)Theyoungpilot,whowasonhisfirstoverseastraining,feltveryuneasy.
(j)Whentheyoungpilotwasonhis/firstoverseastrainging,hefeltveryuneasy.
(k)Astheyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,hefeltveryuneasy.
(l)Theyoungpilotwasonhisfirstoverseastraining,sothathefeltveryuneasy.
在上述12個(gè)句子中,(a)-(g)是簡(jiǎn)單句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是復(fù)雜句。簡(jiǎn)單句除(b)和(g)之外,其他五樣,用的人并不多。人們最喜歡采用復(fù)雜句,尤其是(j)和(k)這兩款;接著便是并列句(h)。如果大多數(shù)人的句子只限于(b),(g),(h),(j)和(k)這五種,而其他的則棄如敝屣,不是很可惜嗎?