導(dǎo)語：下面是小編為你分享的高一英語定語從句課件，希望能夠為大家?guī)韼椭�，希望大家會喜歡。同時也希望給你們帶來一些參考的作用，如果喜歡就請繼續(xù)關(guān)注我們的后續(xù)更新吧！
[典型例題]
1. Women _______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ________ don’t. (2006 北京 31)
A. who; 不填 B. 不填; who C. who; who D. 不填表; 不填
解析：考查關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。這兩個定語從句的先行詞都是指人，在第一個定語從句中引導(dǎo)詞作主語，可以用who或that；在第二個定語從句中，引導(dǎo)詞作主語，同時，先行詞又是those，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該用who，所以選C項。
2. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us, _______ we gave some bells and glasses. (2006 湖南 30)
A. to which B. to whom C. with whom D. with which
解析：考查“介詞+whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句。根據(jù)前面的one of them可以知道先行詞是人，可以排除A和D項。表示“給某人某物”用詞組“give sth. to sb.”，引導(dǎo)詞中應(yīng)該用to，所以選B項。
3. We’re just trying to teach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山東 26)
A. where B. that C. when D. which
解析：考查關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。定語從句的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞point，用where強(qiáng)調(diào)一個特定的地點(diǎn)，相當(dāng)于at the point，在從句中作狀語，所以選A項。
[語法講解]
定語從句也稱為形容詞性從句，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，從句中的關(guān)系詞除了具有引導(dǎo)作用外，還指代前面的先行詞，并且在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一定的成分。根據(jù)關(guān)系詞的性質(zhì)，可以分為由關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞、準(zhǔn)關(guān)系代詞、復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句。
1）關(guān)系代詞可以在定語從句中作主語
注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要與先行詞保持一致。例如：The man dressed in black is the doctor who has operated on the seriously wounded man.
穿著黑衣服的那個人就是給那位嚴(yán)重受傷的病人做過手術(shù)的醫(yī)生。
2）關(guān)系代詞可以在定語從句中作賓語
注意：a) 在非正式文體的限制性定語從句中，用作賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom, who, that和which通�？梢允÷�。例如：That is the man (who/whom/that) I met in London last year.他就是我去年在倫敦碰見的人。
b) 關(guān)系代詞作前置介詞的短語時，只能用whom指人，which指物；但是當(dāng)介詞后置時，就沒有這種限制。
例如：The person to whom I complained is the manager.我向他投訴的那個人是經(jīng)理。
The hotel which/that we stayed at was rather comfortable.我們住的那家旅館相當(dāng)舒服。
注意：在表示時間、地點(diǎn)和原因的限制性及非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中，關(guān)系副詞when, where和why可以用來代替“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”，在從句中只能作狀語。
[常見考點(diǎn)]
1．定語從句中只用that作為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的情況：
a) 當(dāng)先行詞被一個最高級形容詞修飾時，必須用that。例如：That is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever watched.那是我所看過的最激動人心的一場足球比賽。
b) 當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時，必須用that。例如：The ninth plane that landed at the airport was from the USA.第九架降落在該機(jī)場的飛機(jī)來自美國。
c) 當(dāng)先行詞被限定詞 (the) very, (the) last, (the) only, the same, one, single, no, (a) little, (a) few, many, much, none, some, any, every, all等修飾時，必須用that。例如：This is the very pen that Mark Twain used when he was writing the novel.這正是馬克·吐溫寫那部小說時用過的筆。
d) 當(dāng)先行詞為不定代詞all, anything, everything, nothing, something等時，必須用that。例如：All that is needed now is a continuous supply of the necessities of life.現(xiàn)在所需要的是持續(xù)地供應(yīng)生活必需品。 e) 當(dāng)先行詞是指人、指物的兩個并列名詞時，必須用that。例如：
You can see a horseman and his horse that are crossing the flyover during the parade.
旅游期間你可以看見騎手和馬穿國天橋。
f) 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作表語時，必須用that，that可以指人、指物，但是往往被省略。
例如：The modern airplane is not the machine that it was when first invented.
現(xiàn)代的飛機(jī)不是剛發(fā)明時的那種飛機(jī)了。
g) 當(dāng)定語從句為there be結(jié)構(gòu)時，在從句中做主語的關(guān)系代詞只能是that，that往往被省略。
例如：The number of mistake that there are in this homework is simply surprising.
這份家庭作業(yè)中的錯誤簡直多得驚人。
h) 當(dāng)先行詞是who或what，而且后面跟定語從句時，只能用that。
例如：Who that works a great deal with a plane does not know about the engineer?
常和飛機(jī)打交道的人中，誰不了解那個工程師？
2．定語從句中只用which作為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的情況：
a) 當(dāng)先行詞為that時，只能用which指物。例如：
I use the word not in the present sense, but in that which was held in the nineteenth century.
我用這個詞不是它當(dāng)今的意思，而是取其19世紀(jì)的意思。
b) 在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指物。例如：These apple trees, which I planted three years ago, have not yet borne any fruit.這些蘋果樹是我三年前栽下的，尚未結(jié)果實。
c) 當(dāng)與介詞一起作為關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)從句時，只能用which指物。例如：They tried to think of a method by which they could solve the problem.他們要盡力想出一個能夠解決問題的辦法。
3．定語從句中只用who作為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的情況：
a) 當(dāng)先行詞是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, anyone, anybody時，關(guān)系代詞要用who或whom。例如：Is there anyone who can answer this question?有誰能回答這個問題嗎？
b) 當(dāng)先行詞是those或all時，關(guān)系代詞必須用who。例如：Those who want to go on the trip should put on their names on the list.想去旅游的人應(yīng)該在名單上寫上自己的名字。
Tom is shining example to all who want to be a successful. Tom對所有想成功的人來說是一個光輝的形象
c) 當(dāng)先行詞特指意義較強(qiáng)時，關(guān)系代詞通常用who。例如：The man who was killed in the car accident yesterday was his brother.昨天在車禍中死去的那個人是他的兄弟。
d) 當(dāng)指人的先行詞被其它成分隔開時，關(guān)系代詞通常用who。例如：There is one student in the school who I can see.在這個學(xué)校里我只見到了一個學(xué)生。
[實戰(zhàn)演練]
1．改正下列句子中的錯誤
(1) There are many organizations which sole purpose is to help mentally retarded children.
(2) The period during when people learned to smelt iron is called the Iron Age.
(3) Nobody believed his reason for being late why his car broke down on the way.
(4) They tried to think out a plan that they could complete their task ahead of time.
(5) As we know it, the telephone was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell.
(6) Many of our Welsh people are going to settle in North Carolina, which land is cheap.
(7) There are not many people in this city which own the houses they live in.
(8) The reason why I want to take this lesson is that the professor is supposed to be very eloquent.
(9) The goal with which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.
(10) The day is bound to come that all the people in the world shall live in peace.
Keys: 1. which→whose 2. when→which 3. why→that 4. that→by which 5. 去掉it 6. which→where 7. which→who 8. that→because 9. with→for 10. that→when
2．從下列各項中選出最適合題意的選項
(1) _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
(2006 浙江 4)
A. As B. That C. This D. It
(2) Nobody believed his reason for being absent form the class ______ he had to meet his uncle at the air port. (2006 重慶 33)
A. why B. that C. where D. because
(3) —— Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—— Yes，there's one point ______ we must insist on. (2006 江西 33)
A．why B．where C．how D．/
(4) I have many friends, some are businessmen. (2005 全國卷Ⅰ24)
A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom
(5) I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005 遼寧 28)
A．which B．when
C．where D．that
(6) — why does she always ask you for help?
— there is no one else ______, is there? (2005 北京 35)
A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn
(7) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _______ it was the best time for it. (2005 上海 34)
A. where B. when C. that D. until
(8) Danby left word with my secretary ______ he would call again in the afternoon. (2005 浙江 15)
A. who B. that C. as D. which
(9) — Did Jack come back early last night?
—Yes. It was not yet eight o’clock he arrived home. (2005 福建 24) A．before B．when C．that D．until
(10) The place _______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be________the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (2005 江蘇 32)
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
Keys: 1-5 ABDDC 6-10 BBBBC
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