閱讀理解之態(tài)度題攻克方法

　　態(tài)度題在閱讀理解的眾多題型中算是比較簡(jiǎn)單的一種，一般是指定文中的某一段或全文，詢(xún)問(wèn)考生××機(jī)構(gòu)或××人對(duì)××事物的態(tài)度和看法，或褒或貶，或中立或辯證，考生如果能準(zhǔn)確定位并判斷清楚立場(chǎng)，基本問(wèn)題不大。

　　【真題例舉】

　　“The Heart of the Matter,” the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.

　　In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by "federal, state and local governments, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors and others" to "maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education."In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commission's 51 members are top-tier-university presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.

　　The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that improve students' ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.

　　Unfortunately, despite 2 years in the making, "The Heart of the Matter" never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades America's colleges and universities have produced graduates who don't know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizing "progressive," or left-liberal propaganda.

　　Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideas—such as free markets or self-reliance —as falling outside the boundaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.

　　The AAAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.

　　【問(wèn)題】

　　According to Paragraph 1, what is the author’s attitude toward the AAAS’s report?

　　A. Critical B. Appreciative

　　C. Contemptuous D. Tolerant

　　【解析】

　　題干和選項(xiàng)譯文：

　　根據(jù)第一段，作者對(duì)美國(guó)科學(xué)藝術(shù)學(xué)會(huì)報(bào)告的態(tài)度是什么？

　　A.批判 B.賞識(shí) C.鄙視 D.容忍

　　答案：A

　　根據(jù)題干的定位信息定位到第一段，再按照解題思路確定線索句為第一段第二句：Regrettably, however, the report's failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.其中表示態(tài)度的詞就是failure，說(shuō)明作者對(duì)于這個(gè)報(bào)告的看法是負(fù)面的。能夠和failure同義替換的只有A批判。B選項(xiàng)為正面態(tài)度，C選項(xiàng)為負(fù)面態(tài)度但語(yǔ)氣過(guò)重，而且文中并沒(méi)有說(shuō)鄙視。D選項(xiàng)在文中沒(méi)有依據(jù)。

　　【方法總結(jié)】

　　態(tài)度題首先要確定題干中態(tài)度的主體和對(duì)象，然后回文中定位，找出包含主體的.句子，如果主體是作者，可以直接找包含對(duì)象的句子，接著找出句子中表示態(tài)度的方式，再與選項(xiàng)一一對(duì)比，同義替換的為正確選項(xiàng)。但是，有的考生總愿意把態(tài)度題與文章的中心思想合二為一，如果態(tài)度的主體是作者，這樣沒(méi)問(wèn)題，可是作者可能會(huì)在文中提到多方的觀點(diǎn)，難免會(huì)有相反的觀點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)，這一點(diǎn)要格外注意。

　　不同的題型有不同的應(yīng)對(duì)方法，但對(duì)于英語(yǔ)閱讀的復(fù)習(xí)卻是應(yīng)對(duì)不同題型的通用法寶，不管是詞匯、長(zhǎng)難句的積累，還是語(yǔ)感的把握，都能為不同解題方法的實(shí)施更好地奠定基礎(chǔ)，大家一定要雙管齊下，才能在考場(chǎng)上出奇制勝。